Quote

"a. Implementation of the parity principle may lead to admit: 1. Elections by a list system - the obligation to ensure a composition of the candidates' lists alternating men and women; - the refusal to register lists which do not respect such alternating composition. 2. Elections in single-member constituencies - the obligation to ensure a balanced percentage of women and men amongst candidates of the same party. - dissuasive sanctions in case of non-respect of this obligation."

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CoE (Venice Commission): Declaration on Women’s Participation in Elections, para. a

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Declaration on Women’s Participation in Elections

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Summaries

Temporary measures to achieve de facto equality for women may include the use of quotas to ensure their participation or representation.
Temporary special measures to achieve de facto equality for women can include financially assisting and training women candidates, amending electoral procedures, developing campaigns directed at equal participation, and targeting women for appointment to public positions, or the use of quotas.