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"The state shall not only (passively) respect the exercise of the freedom of association, but shall also actively protect and facilitate this exercise. The state shall protect political parties and individuals in their freedom of association from interference by non-state actors, inter alia by legislative means. "
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OSCE (ODIHR), CoE (Venice Commission): Guidelines on Political Party Regulation, Second Edition, para. 40Summaries
- States have a duty to protect the fundamental human rights of all within their jurisdiction.
- The state must perform both its "negative duty" to refrain from discrimination and its "positive duty" to prevent discrimination.
- States should legally recognize political parties for the effective exercise of related civil and political rights.